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Shares of drinks makers fell after the US surgeon-general said alcoholic beverages should carry a warning to boost awareness about their link to cancer.
The US’s top government doctor on Friday released a public-health advisory stating alcohol consumption ranks behind tobacco and obesity as the third leading preventable cause of cancer in the US.
Surgeon-general Vivek Murthy said Congress should authorise updated warning labels on beverages containing alcohol about the cancer risk, among other actions that could reduce related cancers in the US.
The advisory and the recommendations are reminiscent of public health efforts targeting the tobacco industry over recent decades, which have led to a dramatic decline in smoking.
Alcohol stocks on both sides of the Atlantic sold off after the advisory on Friday, leaving the share prices of several brewery and distillery owners down more than 2 per cent. At the extreme end, Rémy Cointreau tumbled 5 per cent, while New York-listed shares of Boston Beer closed almost 4 per cent lower.
Alcohol was first classified as a group 1 carcinogen — meaning it is an agent known to cause cancer in humans — by the International Agency for Research on Cancer in the 1980s. Murthy said evidence of the link between alcohol and cancer has strengthened over time and that for some cancers, such as those of the breast, mouth and throat, the risk starts to rise when people have one or fewer drinks a day.
The World Health Organization issued guidance in 2022 saying there is no safe amount of alcohol consumption that does not affect health. In a statement in the medical journal The Lancet Public Health, the agency said the latest data indicated half of all cancers that could be attributed to alcohol were caused by light or moderate drinking, defined as the equivalent of less than one and a half-litres of wine, three and a half-litres of beer, or 450ml of spirits a week.
The surgeon-general said less than half of all Americans were aware drinking alcohol increases the risk of developing cancer. Awareness was far greater for the increased risk from radiation, tobacco and asbestos, the advisory said.
While many countries, including the US, require alcoholic drinks to be labelled with some health warnings, such as the risks of drinking for pregnant women, few specifically alert consumers to the increased risk of cancer. Ireland and South Korea have put warnings about cancer on alcoholic drinks in recent years.
Alcohol can cause cancer by damaging DNA, increasing inflammation, or altering the levels of hormones such as oestrogen. It can also make it easier for other carcinogens such as tobacco smoke to be absorbed into the body.
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